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<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 本地环境类别</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><strong class="selflink"><span class="t-lines"><span>LC_ALL</span><span>LC_COLLATE</span><span>LC_CTYPE</span><span>LC_MONETARY</span><span>LC_NUMERIC</span><span>LC_TIME</span></span></strong></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div><div></div></div></div></div><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div></div>
<table class="t-dcl-begin"><tbody>
<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td> <div>定义于头文件 <code>&lt;locale.h&gt;</code>
 </div></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl">
<td class="t-dcl-nopad"> <div><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="co2">#define LC_ALL      /*implementation defined*/</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl">
<td class="t-dcl-nopad"> <div><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="co2">#define LC_COLLATE  /*implementation defined*/</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl">
<td class="t-dcl-nopad"> <div><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="co2">#define LC_CTYPE    /*implementation defined*/</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl">
<td class="t-dcl-nopad"> <div><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="co2">#define LC_MONETARY /*implementation defined*/</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl">
<td class="t-dcl-nopad"> <div><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="co2">#define LC_NUMERIC  /*implementation defined*/</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl">
<td class="t-dcl-nopad"> <div><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="co2">#define LC_TIME     /*implementation defined*/</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl-sep"><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>上面每个宏常量都展开成拥有相异值的整数常量表达式，适合用作 <span class="t-lc"><a href="setlocale.html" title="c/locale/setlocale">setlocale</a></span> 的首个参数。
</p>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc-sep">
<td colspan="2">  
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc-hitem">
<td> 常量
</td>
<td> 解释
</td></tr>


<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>LC_ALL</code>
</td>
<td> 选择整个 C 本地环境
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>LC_COLLATE</code>
</td>
<td> 选择 C 本地环境中的对照类别
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>LC_CTYPE</code>
</td>
<td> 选择 C 本地环境中的字符分类类别
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>LC_MONETARY</code>
</td>
<td> 选择 C 本地环境中的货币格式化类别
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>LC_NUMERIC</code>
</td>
<td> 选择 C 本地环境中的数值格式化类别
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>LC_TIME</code>
</td>
<td> 选择 C 本地环境中的时间格式化类别
</td></tr>
</table>
<p><code>&lt;locale.h&gt;</code> 中可以定义附加宏常量，名称以 <code>LC_</code> 后随至少一个大写字母开始。例如， POSIX 规范要求 LC_MESSAGES （此外还控制 <span class="t-lc"><a href="../io/perror.html" title="c/io/perror">perror</a></span> 和 <span class="t-lc"><a href="../string/byte/strerror.html" title="c/string/byte/strerror">strerror</a></span> ）， ISO/IEC 30112:2014 （ <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.open-std.org/JTC1/SC35/WG5/docs/30112d10.pdf">2014 方案</a>）额外定义 LC_IDENTIFICATION 、 LC_XLITERATE 、 LC_NAME 、 LC_ADDRESS 、 LC_TELEPHONE 、 LC_PAPER 、 LC_MEASUREMENT 和 LC_KEYBOARD ，它们均为 GNU C 库所支持（除了 LC_XLITERATE ）。
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.B3.A8.E6.84.8F">注意</span></h3>
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id="glibc_.E4.B8.AD.E7.9A.84.E6.9C.AC.E5.9C.B0.E7.8E.AF.E5.A2.83.E7.B1.BB.E5.88.AB">glibc 中的本地环境类别</span></h4>
<p>glibc 除了 C 标准要求的 5 个类别外，还额外支持 7 个类别，以及一个默认项：
</p>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc-sep">
<td colspan="2">  
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc-hitem">
<td> glibc 本地环境类别常量
</td>
<td> 解释
</td></tr>


<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>LC_ADDRESS</code>
</td>
<td> 选择 C 本地环境中的邮政地址格式类别
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>LC_IDENTIFICATION</code>
</td>
<td> 选择 C 本地环境中的类别版本与状态
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>LC_KEYBOARD</code>
</td>
<td> 选择 C 本地环境中的键盘鉴别类别
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>LC_MEASUREMENT</code>
</td>
<td> 选择 C 本地环境中的度量系统信息类别
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>LC_NAME</code>
</td>
<td> 选择 C 本地环境中的人名书写格式类别
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>LC_PAPER</code>
</td>
<td> 选择 C 本地环境中的纸张格式类别
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>LC_TELEPHONE</code>
</td>
<td> 选择 C 本地环境中的电话号码格式（和其他电话信息）类别
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>LANG</code>
</td>
<td> 选择尚未指定的类别
</td></tr>
</table>
<p>其中 <code>LC_ALL</code> 的优先级高于所有特定类别，而每个特定类别都优先于 <code>LANG</code> 。具体而言：
</p>
<ol><li>若设置 <code>LC_ALL</code> 为 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="st0">"zh_CN.UTF-8"</span></span></span> ，则不论 <code>LC_*</code> 和 <code>LANG</code> 原为何值，每个分类都会被设为 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="st0">"zh_CN.UTF-8"</span></span></span> 。 
</li><li>若未设置 <code>LC_ALL</code> ，而专门设置 <code>LANG</code> 为 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="st0">"zh_CN.UTF-8"</span></span></span> ，并设置某 <code>LC_*</code> 为<span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="st0">"en_US.UTF-8"</span></span></span> ，则其所对应的本地环境类别被设为 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="st0">"en_US.UTF-8"</span></span></span> 。
</li><li>若未设置 <code>LC_ALL</code> 和某些类别的 <code>LC_*</code> ，并设置 <code>LANG</code> 为 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="st0">"zh_CN.UTF-8"</span></span></span> ，则这些 <code>LC_*</code> 所对应的本地环境被设为 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="st0">"zh_CN.UTF-8"</span></span></span> 。
</li></ol>
<p>所以，对于不同的目的，应该用不同方式设置本地环境：
</p>
<ul><li>例如，若需要纯中文的系统，则可调用 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><a href="setlocale.html"><span class="kw901">setlocale</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>LC_ALL, <span class="st0">"zh_CN.UTF-8"</span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span> 或 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><a href="setlocale.html"><span class="kw901">setlocale</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>LANG, <span class="st0">"zh_CN.UTF-8"</span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span> 。可以但没必要设置二次。
</li><li>若只需要输入中文的环境，而其他界面信息和格式为英文，则可使用
</li></ul>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="c source-c"><pre class="de1"><a href="setlocale.html"><span class="kw901">setlocale</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>LC_CTYPE, <span class="st0">"zh_CN.UTF-8"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<a href="setlocale.html"><span class="kw901">setlocale</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>LANG, <span class="st0">"en_US.UTF-8"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></pre></div></div>
<ul><li>若有特殊的本地环境定制需求，例如使用中文 GBK 字符集、用 ISO-8859-1 字符集的大英数字系统、用 ISO-8859-15 字符集的德国度量系统……，则应逐一设置 <code>LC_*</code> ：
</li></ul>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="c source-c"><pre class="de1"><a href="setlocale.html"><span class="kw901">setlocale</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>LC_TYPE, <span class="st0">"zh_CN.GBK/GBK"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<a href="setlocale.html"><span class="kw901">setlocale</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>LC_NUMERIC, <span class="st0">"en_GB.ISO-8859-1"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<a href="setlocale.html"><span class="kw901">setlocale</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>LC_MESUREMENT, <span class="st0">"de_DE.ISO-8859-15@euro"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="co1">// 以及其他类别</span></pre></div></div>
<ul><li>若只需要应用默认 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="st0">"C"</span></span></span> （ <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="st0">"POSIX"</span></span></span> 为其别名）本地环境，则无需任何设置代码。
</li></ul>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
<div class="t-example"><div class="t-example-live-link"><div class="coliru-btn coliru-btn-run-init">运行此代码</div></div>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="c source-c"><pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;</span>
<span class="co2">#include &lt;locale.h&gt;</span>
<span class="co2">#include &lt;time.h&gt;</span>
<span class="co2">#include &lt;wchar.h&gt;</span>
 
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">void</span><span class="br0">)</span>
<span class="br0">{</span>
    <a href="setlocale.html"><span class="kw901">setlocale</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>LC_ALL, <span class="st0">"en_US.UTF-8"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// C 本地环境将为启用 UTF-8 的英文</span>
    <a href="setlocale.html"><span class="kw901">setlocale</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>LC_NUMERIC, <span class="st0">"de_DE"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>   <span class="co1">// 小数点将为德文</span>
    <a href="setlocale.html"><span class="kw901">setlocale</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>LC_TIME, <span class="st0">"ja_JP"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>      <span class="co1">// 日期/时间格式将为日文</span>
    <span class="kw4">wchar_t</span> str<span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">100</span><span class="br0">]</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <a href="../chrono/time_t.html"><span class="kw524">time_t</span></a> t <span class="sy1">=</span> <a href="../chrono/time.html"><span class="kw513">time</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><a href="../types/NULL.html"><span class="kw103">NULL</span></a><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <a href="../chrono/wcsftime.html"><span class="kw518">wcsftime</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>str, <span class="nu0">100</span>, L<span class="st0">"%A %c"</span>, <a href="../chrono/localtime.html"><span class="kw520">localtime</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy3">&amp;</span>t<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <a href="../io/fwprintf.html"><span class="kw865">wprintf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>L<span class="st0">"Number: %.2f<span class="es1">\n</span>Date: %Ls<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span>, <span class="nu16">3.14</span>, str<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div></div>
<p>输出：
</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="text source-text"><pre class="de1">Number: 3,14
Date: 月曜日 2011年12月19日 18時04分40秒</pre></div></div> 
</div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.BC.95.E7.94.A8">引用</span></h3>
<div class="t-ref-std-11">
<ul><li> C11 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2011): 
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 7.11/3 Localization &lt;locale.h&gt; (p: 224)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<div class="t-ref-std-c99">
<ul><li> C99 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1999): 
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 7.11/3 Localization &lt;locale.h&gt; (p: 205)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<div class="t-ref-std-c89">
<ul><li> C89/C90 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1990): 
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 4.4 LOCALIZATION &lt;locale.h&gt; 
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
</div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="setlocale.html" title="c/locale/setlocale"> <span class="t-lines"><span>setlocale</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  获取和设置当前 C 本地环境 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

</table></div>
</div>

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